unless, as soon as & so ... that ...

连词是一种虚词，不能充担一个句子成分，但可以起连接的作用。unless, as soon as和so ... that ... 都是连词，均可用来引导从句。

◆unless意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if ... not ...，用来引导条件状语从句。如：

I won’t go fishing unless it is fine tomorrow.

= I won’t go fishing if it isn’t fine tomorrow.

◆as soon as意为“一……就……”，用来引导时间状语从句。如：

 I will tell you as soon as Mark arrives here.

提示：

1. 通常情况下，在含有unless和as soon as的复合句中，如果主句用一般将来时或主句的谓语部分含有情态动词，那么unless和as soon as引导的从句常用一般现在时。

2. unless和as soon as引导的从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，从句位于主句之前时，常用逗号将其与主句隔开。

◆so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句。其中，so修饰形容词或副词，常见的结构有：“so+形容词 / 副词+that从句”和“so+形容词+a / an +可数名词的单数形式+that从句”。如：

I’m so interested in the job that I will try to get it.

He is so kind a boy that we all like him.

【链接】

so ... that ... 结构可与too ... to ...结构， ... enough

to ... 结构进行转换，但是如果that引导的从句中的主语和主句中的主语不同，转化为too ... to ... 结构或 ... enough to ... 结构时要用for引出逻辑主语。如：

1. He spoke so fast that we could hardly follow him.

→He spoke too fast for us to follow.

2. The boy is so tall that he can get the pears on the tree. →The boy is tall enough to get the pears on the tree.

【运用】

Ⅰ. 单项选择

1. I usually sleep with the window open ________ it’s really cold.

A. if                     B. because   

C. so                   D. unless   (2016 江苏淮安)

2. My family always go somewhere interesting ________ the holiday begins.

A. as soon as     B. so     

C. so that           D. even though (2016 天津)

3. The book is ________ interesting ________ I can’t put it down.

A. so; that          B. such; that   

C. too; to           D. very; that (2016 广西贺州)

Ⅱ. 汉译英

1. 这个女孩如此聪明，以至于她很快就解出了这道数学题。

_________________________________________

2. 除非他给我打电话，否则我不会离开这儿。

_________________________________________

Ⅲ. 句型转换，每空一词。

A: Tina was so careless that she made lots of mistakes in the exam.

B: Tina wasn’t ________ ________ to make lots of mistakes in the exam. (2016 四川巴中)

答案

Ⅰ. 1-3 DAA

Ⅱ. 1. The girl is so clever that she worked out the math problem quickly. 

2. Unless he calls me, I won’t leave here.

Ⅲ. careful enough